اقرأ باسم ربك الذي خلق

6 Jan 2018

Quran Likhne Wala Koun Hai Aur Ise Jama Kis Tarah Kiya Gaya?


Alhamdulillah..

۩1. Allah paak ne Quran kareem ki hifazat apne zimme lete hue farmaya:

Beshak Hum Ne Hi Quran Ko Nazil Kiya Aur Hum Hi Is Ki Hifazat Karne Wale Hain.

[Surah al-Hijr 15:9] .

Ibn Jareer al-Tabari kahte hain ki, "Allah ka farmaan hai ke Beshak humne hi zikr ko nazil farmaya hai aur wo zikr quran hai aur hum hi is ki hifazat karne wale hain." Allah ne is me ye farmaya ke kahin is me batil ka izafa na kar diya jaye ya fir is ke ahkam o hadood aur faraiz main se kuch kami na kar di jaye

[Tafseer at Tabari, 14/8] .

Aur Sheikh Al-Sa’di apni Tafseer me kahte hain ke:

"Beshak humne hi zikr ko nazil kiya hai ya'ani Quran ko nazil kiya jis me har cheez ka zikr hai. Masa'il aur wazeh dalail wagerah aur isi tarah is me se jo naseehat hasil karna chahe us ke liye naseehat bhi hai. Aur hum hi is ki hifazat karne wale hain yaani waqt e nuzool aur nuzool ke baad bhi, to nuzool ki halat me hum ne ise har shaitan e mardood se jo ke chori chupe sun'ne wala hai se mahfooz rakha hai aur nuzool ke baad Allah ne ise apne RasoolAllah ﷺ aur un ki ummat ke seeno me mahfooz kiya, Aur Allah ne is ke alfaaz ko zayadti aur nuqsan aur is ke ma'ani ko tageer tabdal se mahfooz rakha hai toh is ke ma'ane me tahreef karne wala koi bhi tahreef karta hai,
To Allah aise ulema paida farma deta hai jo ke haq ko bayan karte hain.
To Allah ki ye sab se azeem nishani or nai'mat hai, Jo ke us ne apne momin bandon par ki hui hai, aur Quran ki ye bhi hifazat hai ke Allah ne is par amal karne walo ko in ke dushmano se mehfooz rakha aur in ke dushmano ko in par musallat nahi ho sakta.

Rasoolallah ﷺ par quran 23 baras me thoda thoda kar ke bawaqt e zarurat nazil kiya gaya.

Allah ka farmaan hai:

Aur Quran ko hum ne thoda thoda kar ke is liye utara hai ke Aap ise ba-mohlat logon ko sunae aur hum ne khud bhi ise batad'reej nazil farmaya.

[Surah al-Isra’ 17:106] .

Shiekh shuada r.A bayan karte hain ke:

Ya'ani Hum ne ye Quran faraq karne wala bana kar nazil kiya hai jo ke haq o batil aur hidayt wa gumrahi ke darmiyan farq karne wala hai.
(Yeh ke Aap ise bhi mohlat logon ko sunae) Ya'ani mohlat ke sath taa'ke wo is ke ma'ane par gour wa fikr aur tadabbur kar sake aur is ke uloom ka istehraj kare. Aur hum ne khud bhi ise batadreej nazil farmaya thoda thoda kar ke 23 baras me nazil kiya.

Tafseer al-Sa’di, p. 760. 

۩2. Arab me likhai aur kitabat bohut hi kam ki jati thi, aur Allah ne inhe isi wasf se nawazte hue farmaya:

'Allah wahi hai jis ne nakhawanda logon me in hi me se ek Rasool bheja.

[Surah al-Jumu’ah 63:2] 

To wo log Quran kareem ko apne seeno me hifz karte the aur un me se bohut hi aise the jo ke ba'az ayat or surah chamdy aur bareek patharon wagera par likh liya karte the.

۩3. Rasoolallah ﷺ ne shuru me Quran e kareem ke alawah kuch aur likhne se mana farma diya tha, aur unhe apne kalaam likhne se mouqtan rok diya tha hat'ta ke sahaba karaam ki himmate Quran kareem ke hifz aur is ki kitabat par badh jaye, aur is liye ke Rasoolallah ﷺ ki hadiths ka Allah ke kalaam Quran kareem ke sath iqhtelaf na ho jaye aur quran kareem zyadti o nuqsan se mehfooz rahe.

۩4. Rasoolallah ﷺ ne Ameen aur Fuqha sahaba karaam ki ek Jamaat ko wahi likhne ki zimmedari sounp rakhy thi aur wo sahaba apne tarajim me katib e wahi ke sath is tarah ma'aroof nahi jitne ke khulafa e Arba'a aur Abdullah bin Amr bin A'as r.a. aur Muawiya bin Abi Sufyan aur Zaid bin Saabit wagera r.a. maaroof hain.

۩5.  Quran kareem 7 lughat o lehjaat me utara gaya jaisa ke Umar bin khattab r.a. ki hadees Rasoolallah ﷺ se sabit hai.

This was narrated by al-Bukhaari (2287) and Muslim (818).

Aur ye lughat aur lehjaat fasahat me ma'aroof hain.

۩6. Khalifa awwal Abu bakr Siddiq r.a. ke daur tak Quran kareem sahaba karaam ke seeno aur chamdi wagaira par baqi aur mahfooz raha, is ke baad murtadeen ke sath ladaiyo me bohut se Hafiz Sahaba karaam shaheed hone lage to Abu Bakr r.a. ko dar paida hua ke kahin Quran kareem Sahaba Karaam ke seeno me hi na rah kar zaaya ho jaye, toh unho ne kabaar Sahaba karaam se mashwara kiya ke mukammal Quran kareem ko ek kitab me jama kyun na kar liya jaye ta'aki wo zaaya hone se mahfooz rahe,

To ye kaam unho ne hafiz me se Zaid bin saabit r.a. ke zimma lagaya. Is ka zikr Imam Bukhari r.a. ne kuch yunh kiya hai:

Zaid bin saabit r.a. bayan karte hain ke Abu Bakr r.a. ne Jung e Yamama ke baad meri taraf paigham bheja (main jab aya to) Umer r.a. ko un ke paas dekha to Abu Bakr r.a. kahne lage ke Umar r.a. mere paas aa kar kahne lage ke jung e Yamama me Quraa' karam ka Qatl (shahadaten) boht badh gaye hai, aur mujhe ye dar hai ke kahi dusre mulkon me bhi Quraa' karaam ki shahadaten na badh jaye jis bina par bohut sa Quran un ke seeno me us ke sath hi dafan ho jayega, aur meri raye to ye hai ke Aap Quran jama karne ka hukm jari kar de.
To maine Umer bin khattab r.a. se kaha ke tum wo kaam kaise karoge jo kaam RasoolAllah ﷺ ne nahi kiya?
To Umar r.a. ne jawab diya Allah ki qasam ye khair aur bhalai hai, to Umar r.a. baar baar mere sath ispar baat karte rahe hat'ta ke Allah ne is bare me sharah sadr kar diya aur ab meri raye bhi wahi hai jo umar r.a. ki hai.
Zaid bin Saabit r.a. kahte hain ke Abu bakar r.a. kahne lage ke tum ek noujawan aur aqalmand shaqs ho hum Aap par koi kisi qism ki tohmat bhi nahi lagate aur phir tum Rasoolallah ﷺ ke katib e wahi bhi rahe ho, to tum Quran ki talash kar ke jama karo.

Zaid r.a. bayan karte hain ke Allah pak ki qasam agar wo mujhe ek jaga se dusri jaga koi pahaad muntaqil karny ka makalf karte to mujh par wo itna bhari na hota jitna ke Quran kareem jama karny ka kaam bhaari aur mushkil tha. Mai kahne laga tum wo kaam kaise karoge jo kaam Nabi ﷺ ne nahi kia? Wo kahte hai ke Allah ki qasm ye khair aur bhalai hai, toh Abu Bakr r.a. baar baar mujh se kahte rahe hatta ke Allah pak ne mera bhi sharah sadar kar dia jis tarah Abu Bakr aur Umer r.a. ka sharah sadar hua tha, toh main Quran kareem ko logo ke seene aur chaal or bareekh pathrun se jama karna shuru kar dia hatta ke Surah tauba ki akhri Ayat Abu Khuzaymah al-Ansaari r.a. ke ilawa kisi aur ke pas na pai (tumhary pas aisa Rasool tashreef laye hai jo tum me se hi hai, jise tmhari nuqsan ki baat nihayat garaan guzarti hai).
To ye mushaf Abu Bakar r.a. ki wafaat tak un ke pas rahi fir un ke baad taa-hayat Umar r.a. ke pas aur un ke bad Hafsa bint Umar r.a. ke pas rahi.

Sahih al bukhari, kitab fazail al quran (66), hadees- 4986.

Sahabi Rasool Allah ﷺ Zaid Bin Sabit r.a. khud bhi hafiz e Quran the, lekin is ke bawajood unho ne Quran kareem ke saboot ke liye ek khas manhaj (tarika) ikhtiyar kiya to wo us waqt tak koi ayat nahi likhte the jab tak 2 sahabi ye gawahi na de den ke unho ne ise Nabi akram ﷺ se suna hai. Toh ye mushaf khulafa ke hath me khalifa Rashid Usman Bin Affaan  r.a ke daur tak raha, aur sahaba karam mukhtalif mumalik me phail chuke or wahan wo Quran in saat lehjon me hi padhte the. Jab  unho ne nabi pak ﷺ se suna tha, toh un ke shahgird isi tarah parhte jis tarah ke us ke Sheikh aur Ustaad ne usey padhaya tha.

Jab ek shahgird apne ham asar bhai ko Quran kisi aur lehje me padhta hua dekhta wo use galat kahta aur us ka inkar karta ye mamla isi tarah chalta raha to sahaba ikraam ko ye khadsha la haq hua ke Taabaeen aur un ke bad aane walo ke darmiyan fitna na paida ho jaye is liye inhe ye khayal aaya ke logon ko sirf Quraish ke lehje par jama kar diya jaye jin par Quran kareem nazil hua hai taaki ikhtalaf ko mitaya aur us ki jad hi khatam kar di jaye. Usman r.a. se mashwara kiya to unho ne bhi is muwafiqat kar di.

Imam bukhari r.h. Yunus Bin Malik r.a se apne Sahih (4988) me bayan karte hai ki Huzaifa Bin Yamaan r.a Usman r.a. ke paas aaye jo ke Armenia aur Azerbaijan ko fatah karne ke liye ahle Iraq ke sath mil kar shamion se gazwah kar rahe the. Huzaifa Bin Yamaan r.a. ko qiraat me un ke ikhtilaf ne ghabrahat me daal diya tha. Huzaifa Bin Yamaan r.a. Usman r.a. se kahne lage Aye Ameer ul Momineen is Ummat ko kitabAllah me Yahoodiyon aur Isaaioon ki tarah ikhtilaf karne se pehle hi pakad len, to Usman r.a. ne ummul Momineen Hafsa r.a. ke paas paigham bheja ke hamein wo Musahaf do, hum us ke nuskhey tayar karne ke bad ye Mushaf apko wapas de denge.

Usman r.a. ne Zaid Bin Sabit r.a. Abdullah Bin Zubair aur Saeed Bin Asas aur Abdur Rahman Bin Haris Bin Hasham ko Mushaf ke nuskhe tayar karne ka hukum diya, aur is groh me se 3 Quraishion ko ye kaha ke agar tum aur Zaid Bin Sabit r.a. Quran ki kisi chiz me ikhtilaf karo to use Quraish ke lugat me likho kyun ke Quran in ki zuban me nazil hua hai toh unho ne aisa hi kiya. Jab nuskhe tayar ho chuke to Usman r.a. ne mushaf ummul Momineen Hafsa r.a. ko wapis kar diya aur un nuskhon me se har ek taraf ek nuskha bhej diya aur ye bhi hukum diya ke us nuskha ke ilawah har mushaf aur sahifah jala diya jaye. Ibn Shahaab Zahri kahte hain ke mujhe Kharja Bin Zaid Bin Sabit r.a. ne bataya ke Zaid Bin Sabit r.a. ne farmaya ke mujhe Mushaf Nuskh karte waqt Surah al Ahzaab ki ek ayat na mili jo ke mai ne Nabi pak ﷺ se suna karta tha jab ham ne ise talash kiya to wo hame Khazima Bin Sabit Ansari r.a. se mili to ham ne Mushaf ke Surah Ahzab me mila diya.

To isi tarah ikhtilaf ki jad kaat di gayi aur ek hi kalma bana aur Quran kareem logon ke seeno me tawatur ke sath mahfooz raha aur Qayamat tak rahega. Toh yahi wo Allah tala ki hifazat hai jo Allah pak ke us farman ka misdaaq hai:
Beshak Hum Ne Quran Ko Nazil Farmaya Aur Hum Hi Is Ki Hifazat Karne Wale Hain.

[al-Hijr 15:9]
Wallahu Tala Aalam.
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Related: Surat aur Ayat ko Mukhtalif Tarteeb me Tilawat Karna