Imam e Masjid Ko Awwal Waqt Me Namaz Padhani Chahiye

۩ Abu Zarr r.a. riwayat karte hain ke RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Tumhara kya haal hoga, jis waqt tum par aise hukumraano (rulers) ke bich hoge jo namaz apne muqarrar waqt se der me padhayenge ya us ke waqt se qaza karege?

Main ne kaha ke Aap mujhe us haal mein kya hukm farmate hain?

Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Namaz ko us ke waqt par padho fir agar to us namaz (ki jama’at) ko in ke saath paalo to (inke saath) dobara namaz padh lo aur ye namaz tumhare liye nawafil hogi.’

Sahih Muslim: al Masaajid, hadith- 648.

۩ Ubadah ibn as-Samit r.a. riwayat karte hain ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Tum par mere ba’ad aise hukumraan (rulers) ho’nge jinko unke kaam waqt par namaz padhne se roke rakhengi, yaha’n tak ke is ka waqt jaata rahega. Pas namaz waqt par padho.

Ek Shaks ne kaha, Aye Allah ke Rasool ! Mai in ke saath bhi namaz padhu?

Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: Haa’n! Agar tum chaaho.’  

Sunan Abu Dawood: as Salah, hadith- 433. Classed as sahih by Albani.

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Juma Ki Namaz Ka Waqt

۩ Anas r.a. se riwayat hai ke Nabi e Akram ﷺ Juma ki namaz us waqt padhte jab suraj (zawaal, center, se) dhal jaata.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Juma, hadith- 904.

۩ Sahal bin Sa’ad r.a. se riwayat hai ke ham Juma padhne ke ba’ad khana khate aur dopahar ka araam karte.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Juma, hadith- 939. Sahih Muslim: al Juma, hadith- 859.

۩ Anas r.a. se riwayat hai ke Aap ﷺ Juma ki namaz sardiyo’n mein jaldi padhte aur sakht garmi mein der karte.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Juma, hadith- 906.

۩ Imam Shafi farmate hai, "Jitne bhi logo (ahle-ilm) se meri mulaqaat hui, maine yahi paya ki is baat par koi ikhtilaf nahi hai ki Juma tab tak nahi padha ja sakta jab tak suraj zawaal (meridian) se guzar na jaye." End quote.

Kitab Al-Umm (1/223).

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Magrib Ki Namaz Ka Waqt

Shuru ka waqt: Jab Suraj Gurub Ho Jaye [[Sunan Abu Dawud, hadith- 396, Sahih by Albani]

Khatm waqt: Shafaq (Suraj ki Surkhee Ya Laalri) Khatm Hone Se Pahle Tak [Sunan Abu Dawud, hadith- 396, Sahih by Albani].

۩ Salama r.a. riwayat karte hain ke Nabi e Kareem ﷺ ke sath aftaab guroob hote hi magrib ki namaz adaa kar liya karte the.

Sahih al Bukhari: Times of Prayer, hadith- 561.

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Zohar Ki Namaz Ka Waqt

Shuru ka Waqt: Jaise hi Suraj zawaal (centre) se hat kar dubne ke taraf jaaye. [Sahih al Bukhari, hadith-541].

Khatm Waqt: Jab tak Asr ki namaz ka waqt na aa jaye [Sahih Muslim, hadith-1272].

Tafseer:

Garam aur Sard Mausamo’n Mein Namaz e Zohar ke Auqaat:

Abu Dharr r.a. riwayat karte hai ki Ek martaba garmi me Sayyadna Bilal r.a. ne Zohar ki azaan dena chaahi to Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Thand ho jaane do (thaher jaao). Garmi ki shiddat ke Jahannam ke lapto (exhalation) maise hai. Abu Dharr kahte hai, (Ham us waqt tak thehre) jab tak hamne teelo’n (gol chat) ke saaye na dekh liye.’

Sahih al Bukhari: Book of Times of the Prayers, hadith- 539. Sahih Muslim, hadith- 616.

Abu Huraira r.a. riwayat karte hain ke RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Jab garmi sakht ho to namaz e zohar thande waqt mein padho.’

Sahih al Bukhari: Book of Times of the Prayers, 533.  Sahih Muslim: al Masaajid, hadith- 615.

Thande waqt ka ye matlab nahi ke A’sar ki namaz ke waqt padha jaye balke murad ye hai ke shiddat ki garmi mein thodi der karlo. Yaha’n tak ke teelo’n ke saae nazar aane lage.

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Mayyat Ko Dafan Karne Ka Nabawi Tarika

۩ Uqba bin Aamir r.a. kahte hain ke: ‘Rasool Allah ﷺ ne Teen  (3) auqaat mein namaz padhne aur murdo’n ko dafan karne se mana farmaya:

1. Tuloo e Aftaab ke waqt hatta ke (suraj) buland ho jaae.

2. Jab Suraj dopaher ke waqt aen sar par ho hatta ke (sar se) dhal jaae [till it passes over the meridian].

3. Guroob e aftaab ke waqt hatta ke guroob hojaae.’

Sahih Muslim: Salatul Musafireen, hadith- 831.

۩ Nafi riwayat karte hai ki Ibn e Umar ne farmaya ke Namaz e Janaaza, Namaz e Fajr aur Namaz e Asr ke baad adaa ki jaa sakti hai agar ye (namaz) apne waqt se ada kiye gaye ho.

Muwatta Imam Malik: al Janaaez, Hadith, hadith- 543.

۩ Abdullah bin Yazeed r.a. ne Haaris r.a. ka namaz e Janaaza padhaya fir mayyat ko paou’n ki taraf se kabr mein daakhil kiya aur farmaya ke 'Ye (Nabi ﷺ ki) sunnat hai.  

Sunan Abu Dawood: al Janaaez, hadith- 3211. Imam Baihaqi ne ise Saheeh kaha.

۞ Mayyat Ko Qabar Mein Rakhte Waqt Ki Dua:

Ibn e Umar r.a. se riwayat hai ke Nabi e Rahmat ﷺ jab mayyat ko Kabr mein rakhte to kahte:

بِسْمِ اللهِ وَعَلَى سُنَّةِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم

Bismillaahi wa ‛alaa Sunnati Rasoolillaah Sallallahu A’alaihe Wasallam

Allah Ke Naam Se Aur RasoolAllah ﷺ Ke Tareeqe Par (ise dafar karte hain).

Sunan Abu Dawood: al Janaaez, hadith- 3213. Ise Imam Haakim aur Imam Zahabi ne Saheeh kaha.

Afsos ke ye sunnat bhi mit‐ti chali jaa rahi hai kyou’nke logo’n ne iske muqable me dusri dua dhoondh rakhi hai jo sabit hi nahi hai, yaani kalma shahaadat: "Ash Hadu An Laailaaha Illallah"

۞ Qabar Par Mitti Daalna:

Abu Huraira r.a. se riwayat hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne Janaaza ki namaz padhi fir Kabr ke paas aaye aur sar ki taraf se 3 lap (T: 3 times with both hands) mitti daali.

Sunan Ibn e Majah: al Janaaez, hadith- 1565. Classed as Hasan by Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai.

۞ Qabar Par Mitti Daalte Waqt "Minha Khalaqnakum..." [Quran, 20:55] Padhna

Kabr par mitti dalte waqt Surah Taha (20) ki Ayat 55 padhna daleel ki roshni me sabit nahi hai. Ye hadith Sunan Kubra Baihaqi aur chand ek dusre kitab me milti hai. Lekin Is hadith ko khud Imam Baihaqi ne Sunan Kubra Baihaqi, hadith-6973 me Zaif kaha hai. Aur dusre Muhaddiseen jaise Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai ne bhi is hadith ko Tafseer ibn Kaseer (20:55) me zaif karar diya hai. Albatta Mayyat ko kabr me dalte waqt ka zikr zarur padhna chaiye jiska zikr upar kiya gaya hai. [Is mauzu par tafseel ke liye ye pdf file padhe]

۞ Mayyat Ke Liye Duae Karna

Usman bin Affan r.a. se riwayat hai ke Nabi e Rahmat ﷺ Jab mayyat ke dafan se farig ho jaate to waha kuch der rukte aur farmate: ‘Apne bhai ke liye bakhshish aur saabit qadmi ki dua karo kyunki ab is se sawaal kiya jayega.’

Sunan Abu Dawud: al Janaaez, hadith- 3221. Imam Haakim aur Haafiz Zahabi ne ise Saheeh kaha.

Amr b. al-As r.a. apni wafat ke waqt apne bete se kahte hai, "Jab mai mar jau to koi noha karne wali wali mere sath na jaye, na hi aag sath ho. Aur jab tum mujhe dafan kar chuko to mujh par ahista ahista mitti dalna, fir mere kabr ke pas itni der (dua karte hue) thaherna jitni der me oont (camel) zabah kar ke uska gosht takseem kiya ja sakta hai, taake mai tumhare (dua ke) wajah se maanus ho jao aur dekh lu ki mai apne Rab ke farishto ko kya jawab deta hu.

Sahih Muslim, hadith-228.

Note: Hamare Ilm me dafnane ke fauran baad ijtemai dua kisi Sahih hadith se sabit nahi hai na hi infiradi dua sabit hai, ye isliye bhi kyuki Mayyat ke haq me dua namaz e janaza me hi ho jati hai.
Aur jo Dua upar ki hadith me zikr hai wo unke liye hai jo Mayyat ke kareebi rishtedar/dost hai jaise bhai, beta, walid, wagaira. Kyuki upar ki hadith kahti hai ki ye dua kabr ke sawaalo ke jawab ke aasani ke liye hai aur Sunan Abu Dawud ki hadith no. 4753 (read) ke mutabik Mayyat se kabr ke sawal tab shuru hote hai jab mayyat ko dafan kar ke log kuch dur chale jate hai aur mayyat logo ke kadmo ki awaz sunta hai. To isse saaf pata chala ki jaise hi log mayyat ko dafna kar jaane lag jaye fir dua padhni chaiye us rishtedar/rishtedaro/dost ko kyuki tabhi kabr ke sawal-jawab shuru hone wale hote hai.
Dua zaruri nahi ki Arabic me hi ho, khud ki zuban me mayyat ke bakhshish aur kabr ke sawal ke jawab ki saabit qadmi aur aasani ki duae kare.

۞ Qabar Par Bataur Alaamat Patthar Nasab Karna:

Anas bin Maalik r.a. se riwayat hai ke Nabi e Akram ﷺ ne Usman bin Mazo’on ki qabr par alaamat ke taur par Ek (1) patthar nasab farmaaya.

Sunan Ibn e Majah: al Janaaez, hadith- 1561. Classed as Hasan by Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai.

Lekin Kabr ko pakka karna ya us ke upar imarat banwane se RasoolAllah ﷺ ne mana farmaya hai. (Daleel)

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Kya Mayyat Ko Ghusl Dene Wala Khud Bhi Ghusl Kare ?

Kya mayyat ko ghusal dene wale ke liye namaz e janaza padhne se pahle libaas ki tabdeeli ya ghusl karna wajib hai ?

Alhamdulillah..

Ahle Ilm ke aqwaal me se sahih qawl yahi hai ke mayyat ko ghusl dene ke baad ghusl karna mustahab hai, wajib nahi.

Ye raaye Ibn Abbas, Ibn Umar , aur Ummul Momineen Ayesha r.a. aur Hasan basri, Ibrahim nakhi, Imam Shafi, Imam Ahmad, Ishhaq, aur Abu Sawr, ibn al-Munzir, aur dusro ki hai, aur Ibn Qudamah ne ise sabse behtar raye karar diya hai.

Dekhiye : Sunan al-Tirmidhi, 3/318; al-Mughni, 1/134.

Shaykh Albani farmate hain:

Aur mayyat ko Ghusl dene wale ke liye Ghusl karna mustahab hai, kyunki Rasool ﷺ ka farman hai:

"Jis ne mayyat ko ghusl diya woh ghusal kare , aur jis ne use uthaya wo wuzu kare."

Sunan Abu Dawood, Kitab al Jana'iz, hadith-3161. Sunan Tirmizi, Kitab al Jana'iz, hadith-993. Is ke baaz isnad hasan aur baaz sahih aur Imam Muslim ki shart par hai. Also classed as Sahih by Shaykh Albani and Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai.

Aur Ibn Qayyim ne "Tahdheeb al-Sunan" me 11 isnaad zikr karne ke baad kaha hai: "Ye sab isnad is baat ki Daleel hai ke ye hadees mahfooz hai."

Shaykh Albani mazeed farmate hai,

Ibn al-Qattaan ne ise sahih qarar diya hai aur isi tarha Ibn Hazam ne bhi saheeh kaha hai. 

Dekhe: al-Muhallaa, 1/250 and 2/23-25.

Hafiz Ibn Hajar ne al-Talkhees, 2/134 (Muneeriyyah edition) me sahih karar diya hai aur unka kahna hai: Ye kamazkam Hasan ke darje par hai.

Is hadith ki zahiri matlab is taraf ishara karti hai ki ghusl karna farz hai. Lekin ham iska mashwara nahi dete hai aur uski wajah niche di gai mawqoof hadeese hai:

Pahli hadees :

Ibn Abbas r.a bayan karte hain ke: "Jab Tum apni mayyat ko ghusl do toh tumhe ghusl karne ki zarurat nahi hai, kyunki tumhari mayyat najis (napak) nahi hoti, tumhare liye sirf itna hi kafi hai ke apne haatho ko dho lo"

Narrated by al-Haakim, 1/386; al-Bayhaqi, 3/398.

Mujhe kaafi had tak ye lagta hai ki ye hadith Mawqoof hai jaisa ki maine al-Da’eefah, 6304 me wazahat ki hai.

Dusri hadees:

Ibn Umar r.a ka qawl hai: "Hum mayyat ko ghusl diya karte the, aur hum maise kuch log ghusl karte aur kuch ghusal na karte the".

Ise Imaam Daaraqutni,191; aur al-Khateeb ne Al-Tareekh, 5 / 424 me sahih sanad ke sath riwayat kiya hai, jaisa ke Hafiz ibn Hajar ka kahna hai, aur Imam Ahmed ne bhi iski taraf ishara kiya hai, aur Khateeb ne un se riwayat kiya hai ke unhone apne bete ko is hadees ke likhne par ubhara.

Dekhiye: Shaykh Albani ki Ahkaam al-Janaa’iz, 71. 72.

Aur Mustaqil Fatwa committee (1/318) aur Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen ne al-Sharh al-Mumti’, 1/295 me ise hi rajeh (sahih) qarar diya hai.

Aur raha masla Libaas tabdeel karne ka to sunnat e Nabawi ﷺ me is ki koi Daleel nahi milti, na to ye wajib hai, aur na hi mustahab hai.

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Mayyat Ka Kafan

۞ Mard Ka Kafan

Afzal ye hai ke mard ko teen kapdo me kafan diya jaye, jisme mayyat ko lapet diya jayega jaise ki RasoolAllah ﷺ ko kafan diya gaya tha.

۩ Ayesha r.a. farmati hai: "Rasool Allah ﷺ ko teen (3) Yamani safed kapdo’n mein kafan diya gaya tha, aur is mein na hi kurta tha aur na amaama."

Sahih al Bukahri: al Janaaez, hadith- 1264. Sahih Muslim: hadith-941.

۩ Ibn Hazm kahte hai: Allah apne Nabi ke liye afzal tareen haalat hi pasand farmata hai. End quote.

Al-Muhalla (5/118).

Lihaza Behtar yahi hai ki Teen kapdo me kafan diya jaye lekin do (2) kapdo me aur ek (1) kapde me bhi kafan dene ki ijazat hai .

Mayyat ko kafan dene ke liye kamazkam kafan ki miqdaar jis se Takfeen (kafan) ka fareeza ada ho jaye woh ye hai ke Ek itna bada kapda ho jisse saara jism dhaka ja sake, ye raaye Imam Abu Hanifa, Imam Ahmad ki hai aur Imam Maalik ki do raaye mai se ek raaye hai.

Inki raaye ki Daleel ye hadith hai:

۩ Khabbab bin Al-Art r.a. riwayat karte hai jab Mus'ab bin 'Umar r.a. ko shaheed kiya gaya, tab unko kafan dene ke liye sirf Ek (1) chadar thi, Toh jab hum inka sir dhakte to paon bahar ho jate, aur jab paon dhakte to sir nanga ho jata. Tab hamein Nabi ﷺ ne farmaya, "Chadar se inka sir dhak do, aur paon par 'Idhkhir' (ek kism ka paudha) daal do."

Sahih al Bukhaari, hadith-4047. Sahih Muslim, hadith- 940.

۩ Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen farmate hai,

"Is baat ki daleel ke kafan dete hue mayyat ka mukammal jism ko dhanpna wajib hai, (isme) yeh hai ke Jin Sahaba karaam ke liye kafan ke kapde kam the unke bare me Nabi ﷺ ne sir se kafan shuru karne ka hukum diya, ke sir ko dhak den, aur kadam (pair) par Idhkhir jo ek tarah ka paudha hai daal den.

Aur agar koi cheez bhi maujud na ho, maslan aag mein jalne ki wajah se uskay kapray tak jal jayen, aur uskay ilawa koi kapra bhi mayassar na ho to aisi mayyat par ghaas (ya paudhe) wagaira daal kar use kisi cheez se bandh diya jaye, aur agar yeh bhi nah ho sakay to usay waise hi dafan kardiya jaye kyun ki farmaan e baari taala

فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ

Apne istitaat ke mutabik Allah se darte raho. [al-Taghaabun 64:16]."

Al-Sharh al-Mumti’, 5/225.

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۞ Aurat Ka Kafan

Tamaam Fiqh ke Mazhab (Hanafi, Maaliki, Shaafa’i, Hanbali aur Zaahiri), is baat par muttafik hai ki Aurat ko paanch kapdo me kafan dena Mustahab hai.

Dekhe: Badaa’i’ al-Sanaa’i’ (2/325); Mawaahib al-Jaleel (2/266); al-Majmoo’ (5/161); al-Mughni (3/390) and al-Muhalla (5/120).

Unki Daleel ye hai:

۩ Qa'if as-Saqafiyyah Ki beti Layla r.a. kahti hai: Mai un aurto me shamil thi jinhone RasoolAllah ﷺ ki beti Umm Kulsoom r.a. ko unke inteqal par ghusl diya tha, kafan ke kapdo maise sab se pahle hame RasoolAllah ﷺ ne Izaar diya, fir kurta diya, fir oodhni di, fir chadar di, fir ek aur kapda diya jise upar lapet diya gaya.

(Fir Laila r.a. kahti hai) RasoolAllah ﷺ un ke kafan ke kapde liye hue darwaze ke paas khade hue the aur hame un maise ek ek kapde de rahe the.

Sunan Abu Dawud, Kitab Al-Jana'iz, hadith- 3157. Is hadith ko Shaykh Albani ne Irwa’ al-Ghaleel (723) me Daif karar diya hai.

Lekin is hadees ka Ek (dusra) Gawaah bhi hai, jisay Imam Jawzi ne Umm Atiyah r.a. se riwayat kiya hai ke: "Ham ne [Umm Kulsoom r.a. ko] paanch kapron mein kafan diya, aur usi tarha in ka sir dhak diya jaise zinda ka sir dhaka jata hai."

Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani kahte hai: Iski sanad Sahih hai. Fath al-Baari (3/159).

۩ Hasan Basri r.h. (Tabayeen) farmate hain:

وَقَالَ الْحَسَنُ الْخِرْقَةُ الْخَامِسَةُ تَشُدُّ بِهَا الْفَخِذَيْنِ وَالْوَرِكَيْنِ تَحْتَ الدِّرْعِ

"Aurat ke kafan ka panchwa kapda wo hai jo kameez ke neeche rahta hai, is se aurat ka satar aur ranei’n bandhi jati hain. "

Sahih al Bukahri, Kitab al Janaaez, Under Baab - How to shroud a dead body, Baab-15.

۩ Ibn Qudaamah kahte hai: (5 kapdo me kafan dena) Ye Mustahab hai kyuki aurat apne zindagi me mard se zyada kapde ka ahtamam karti hai. Is liye Aurat ko wafaat ke baad bhi zyada (kapdo ka) ahtamam karna hoga. End quote.

Al-Mughni (3/391).

۩ Shaykh ibn Baaz se pucha gaya ki "Mard aur Aurat ko kaise kafan diya jaye"?

To unhone Jawab diya,

"Afzal yahi hai ke mard ko teen safed kapron me kafan diya jaye jis mein amaamah aur kameez na ho, yahi afzal hai, aur aurat ko paanch kapron me kafan diya jaye, tah-band, kameez, dupatta, aur do (2) chadar, aur agar mayyat ko Ek (1) hi bade chadar mein kafan diya jaye jis mein iska pura jism dhaka jaye to mard ya aurat dono ko iski ijazat hai. Ye masla bada hai."

Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn Baaz (13/127).

۩ Ulema e karaam farmate hai,

Aurat ko kafan dete waqt pahle tah-band bandhi jayegi, fir upar wale hisse par kameez, aur uske baad sir ke ird-gird dupatta diya jayega, aur fir Do (2) chadar mein lapait diya jayega.

Fataawa al-Lajnah al-Daa’imah (3/363). [Is Fatawa ke committee me ye ulema shamil hai: Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz, Shaykh ‘Abd al-Razzaaq ‘Afeefi, Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah Ghadyaan, Shaykh ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Qa’ood.]

۩ Ibn al-Mundhir kahte hai: Jin Ahle Ilm se hamne ilm hasil kiya hai us maise aksariyat is baat ke qayl hai ki aurat ko paanch (5) kapdo me kafan diya jayega.

Al-Mughni (3/391).

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