اقرأ باسم ربك الذي خلق

26 Dec 2017

Namaz e Safar


Safar mein Zohar, A’asr aur Isha ki 4‐4‐4 farz rakato’n ko 2‐2‐2 padhna Qasar (kam karna) kehlaata hai.

Fajar aur Maghrib mein Qasar nahi hai. Jo shaqs safar ke iraade se apne ghar se chale aur gaou’n ya saher ki abaadi se nikal jaae to wo azroo e shariat musaafir hai. Aur apni farz namaz mein Qasar kar sakta hai.

۞ Safar Ki Musaafat:

Rasool Allah ﷺ jab 3 meel ya 3 farsang ki musaafat par nikalte to namaz 2 rakatei’n padhte. (Muslim: 691) Is hadees mein raavi (T: narrator) hadees ne poori emandaari se kaam lete hue 3 meel ya 3 farsang kaha hai. Ya’ani raavi ko shak hai ke Aap s.a.w. 3 meel ki masaafat (T: distance) par Qasar karte the ya 3 farsang ( 9 meel) par. Pas musafir ko chaiey ke apne shaher ki hudood se nikalne ke baad agar manzil maqsood 9 meel ya is se ziyada musaafat par waqe ho to musaafir Qasar kar sakta hai.

Anas r.a. se riwayat hai: Rasool Allah ﷺ ne madeena mein zohar ki namaz 4 rakatei’n padhei’n aur zul haleefa mein Asr ki namaz 2 rakatei’n padhei’n.

(Bukhari: al Haj 1547 – Muslim: Salatul Musafireen 690)

Zul Haleefa ek maqaam ka naam hai jo madeena munawwara se 6 meel ke faasle par hai. Nabi e Rahmat makka ke liye rawana hue to zul haleefa paho’nch kar namaz e Asr ka waqt ho gaya. Pas Aap ne waha’n Asr mein Qasar karli.

۞ Musafir Baghair Khauf Ke Qasar Kare:

Ya’ala bin Umaiyya r.a. se riwayat hai ke main ne Umar se poocha ke Allah Ta’ala to fermata hai: ‘Aur Jab Tum Safar Mein Ho Aur Agar Tumhei’n Kuffar Se Khauf Ho To Namaz Qasar Karlo Tum Par Koi Gunah Nahi.’

(Surah Nisa: 101)

Aaj ham aman mein hain namaz Qasar kyou’n karei’n? Umar ne farmaya: ke mujhe bhi yehi ta’ajjub hua jaise tumhei’n ta’ajub hua to main ne Rasool Allah ﷺ se poocha to Aap ne farmaya ke ‘(Aman ki haalat mein Qasar ki ijaazat dena) Allah ka ehsaan hai ise qubool karo.’

(Muslim: Salatul Musafireen 486)

Haaresa bin Wahab r.a. kehte hain ke Nabi e Kareem ne hamei’n mina mien Qasar namaz padhai halaa’nke ham ta’adaadmein ziyada aur halat e aman mein the.

(Bukahri: al Haj 1656 – Muslim: Salatul Musafireen 696)

۞ Qasar Ki Had:

Agar koi musaafir ilaaqe mein mutardid thehre ke aaj jaou’nga ya kal, to namaz Qasar karta rahe. Quwah kaee mahine lag jaaei’n. Anas Abdul Malik bin Marwaan r.a. ke hamrah 2 maah (bahaisiyat mutardid musaafir) shaam (T: Syria) mein rahe aur namaz 2 rakatei’n padhte rahe.

(Baihaqi: V3 P152)

Abu Hamza Nasar bin Imran r.a. se riwayat hai ke main ne Ibne Abbas se sawal kiya ke ham ghazwa ki gharz se khorasaan mein taweel qiyaam karte hain. Kya ham poori namaz padhei’n?Aap ne farmaya: 2 rakatei’n hi padha karo, khuwah tumhei’n (kisi jaga mutardid musafir ki haisiyat se) 10 saal qiyaam karna pade.

(Musannaf ibne Abi Shaiba)

Aur agar 19 din tak taherne ka iraada ho to namaz mein Qasar kare aur agar 19 roz se ziyaada taherne ka iraada ho to phir namaz poori padhni chahiey.

Ibn e Abbas r.a. riwayat karte hain ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne 1 safar kiya. Phir Aap 19 din tehre rahe aur 2‐2 rakatei’n namaz padhte rahe. Ibne Abbas ne farmaya: agar ham kisi manzil mein 19 din taherte hain to 2‐2 rakatei’n padhte hain aur jab is (19 din) se ziyada taherte hain to 4 rakat padhte hain.

(Bukhari: Taqseer al Salah 1080)

۞ Safar Mein Azan Aur Jamaat:

Maalik bin Haurees r.a. kehte hain ke 2 aadmi Aap ki khidmat mein haazir hue jo safar par jaa rahe the to Aap ne farmaya ke: ‘Jab tum safar par jaao to namaz ka waqt ho jaae to azaan aur iqaamat kaho phir tum mein jo badaa ho wo imaamat karaae.’

(Bukhari: al Azan 630)

۞ Safar Mein 2 Namazei’n Jamaa Karna:

Ibn e Abbas r.a. se riwayat hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ dauraan e safar Zohar aur Asr ko ek‐kattha padhte aur maghrib aur isha ko jama karte the.

(Bukhari: Taqseer al Salah 1107)

۩ Jama Ki 2 Suratei’n: (T: Combining 2 Salah)

Jama Taqdeem: Yaani Zohar ke sath Asr aur Maghrib ke sath Isha ki namaz padhna.
Jama Taqhair: Yaani Asr ke sath Zohar aur Isha ke sath Maghrib ki namaz padhna.

Maaz bin Jabal r.a. se riwayat hai ke Ghazwa Tabuk ke mauqe par agar Rasool Allah ﷺ suraj dhalne ke baad safar shuroo karte to Zohar aur Asr ko is waqt jama farmalete aur agar suraj dhalne se pehle safar shuroo karte to Zohar ko muaqqhar (T: used to offer Zohar late) karke Asr ke sath adaa farmate. Isi tarha agar suraj ghuroob hone ke baad safar shuroo karte to Maghrib aur Isha isi waqt padh lete aur agar Suraj ghuroob hone se pehle safar shuroo karte to muaqqhar karke Isha ke sath padhte.

(Abu Dawood: Salatul Safar 1220 – Tirmizee: al Juma 553).Ise Imam Ibne Hibban V4 P 413,414 ne Saheeh kaha.

Ibn e Umar r.a. riwayat karte hain ke ‘main ne Rasool Allah ﷺ ko dekha jab Aap ko safar mein jaldi hoti to Maghrib ki namaz mein taqhair karte yaha’n tak ke Isha ka waqt daqhil ho jaata phir Aap Maghrib aur Isha ko ek‐kattha padhte.’

(Bukhari: Taqseer al Salah 1091 – Muslim: Salatul Musafireen 703)

۞ Safar Mein Sunnato’n Ka Bayan:

Abdullah bin Umar r.a. ne kaha: ‘Main Rasool Allah ﷺ ke hamrah safar mein raha. Magar Aap ne 2 rakato’n se ziyada namaz na padhi yaha’n tak ke Allah Ta’ala ne Aap ki ruh qabz farmaali. Aur main Abu Bakr r.a., Umar Farooq r.a. aur Uthman e Ghani r.a. ke hamrah safar mein raha, in sab ne safar mein 2 rakato’n se ziyada namaz nahi padhi. Aur Allah ne irshad farmaya hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ki itteba hi tumhare liey behtar hai.’

(Bukhari: Taqseer al Salah 1101,1102 – Muslim: Salatul Musafireen: 689)

Ibn e Umar r.a. 2 rakatei’n (yaani namaz Qasar) padh kar apne bistar par chale jaate the. Hafs kehte hain main ne kaha Chacha Jaan! Agar is ke baad aap 2 rakatei’n (sunnat) padh liya karei’n to kya harj hai?? Unhone farmaya: agar mujhe ye karna hota to (farz) namaz hi poori padh leta.

(Muslim: Salatul Musafireen 694).

۞ Safar me sirf Fajr ki do sunnate aur witr padhni chaiye aur koi sunnate nahi:

Ibn al-Qayyim farmate hai:

“Ye RasoolAllah ﷺ ka amal tha ki ap safar me sirf fard namaze padhte the. Aur ye kahi bhi riwayat nahi kiya gaya hai ki RasoolAllah ﷺ fard namaz ke pahle ya baad me sunnate padhte the siwae witr aur fajr ki do sunnato ke alawa, jo ki ap ﷺ ne kabhi nahi chhora chahe wo safar me hote ya nahi.”

Zaad al-Ma’aad, 1/473.