Qaza Namaz Ke Ahkaam

۩ Anas r.a. riwayat karte hain ke RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Jo shaqs namaz bhool jaye (ya so jaye) toh us ka kaffara iske siwa koi nahi ke jis waqt use yaad aaye us namaz ko padh le.’ 

Sahih al Bukhari: hadith- 597. Sahih Muslim: al Masaajid, hadith- 684.

Is hadith ki Tafseer me Muhaddis Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai farmate hai:

"Is hadith se ye malum hua ki agar koi shaks namaz padhni bhul jaye aur us namaz ka waqt guzar jaye to jis waqt yaad aaye, wo us waqt apni namaz padh le aur isi tarha agar koi shaks so jaye aur namaz ka waqt guzar jaye, maslan: Subah aankh hi aesi waqt khule ke suraj tulu ho chuka ho toh jaagne wale ko usi waqt puri namaz (farz aur sunnat) padh leni hai chahiye aur us par kisi kism ka kaffara nahi hai. Qaza e Umri waale masle ki shariat me koi asal nahi, lihaza ye biddat hai."

Namaz e Nabawi by Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai, Page-132.

۩ Abdullah bin Abi Qatada r.a. riwayat karte hai ki mere walid ne kaha ke Ek raat ham Nabi ﷺ ke sath safar kar rahe the. Kisi ne kaha ke Huzoor! Aap (agar) ab padao daal dete to behtar hota. Aap ﷺ ne farmaya ke mujhe dar hai ke kahi namaz ke waqt bhi tum sote na rah jao. Is par Bilal r.a. bole ke Mai ap sab logon ko jaga dunga. Chunanche sab log layt gaye. Aur Bilal r.a. ne bhi apni peeth kajaweh (Rahila) se laga li aur unki bhi aankh lag gayi aur jab Nabi ﷺ bedar hue to Suraj ka upar ka hissa nikal chuka tha. Aap ﷺ ne farmaya, Bilal! Tum ne kya kaha tha? Woh bole aaj jaisi neend mujhe kabhi nahi aayi. Fir Rasool ﷺ ne farmaya ke Allah taala tumhare rooh ko jab chahta hai kabz kar leta hai aur jis waqt chahta hai wapas kar deta hai. Aye Bilal! Utho aur azaan do ! Fir Aap ﷺ ne wuzu kiya aur 2 rakate (sunnat) padhi aur jab Suraj buland ho kar roshan ho gaya toh Aap ﷺ  khade hue aur namaz padhai aur farmaya ki Jo shaqs namaz bhool jaye toh use jab yaad aaye to namaz padh le.’

Sahih al Bukhari: hadith- 595. Sahih Muslim: al Masaajid, hadith- 680. [above hadith is combination of boht hadith of Bukhari and Muslim]

Nabi e Rahmat ﷺ ke amal se bilkul wazeh hai ke neend se bedar hone par fauran namaz adaa ki jaaye. Lehaza qaza namaz ki adaaigi ke liye iske baad wali namaz ke waqt ka intezar nahi karna chahiye balki fauran ada kar leni chahiye.

Namazei’n Majbooran Faut Ho Jaaei’n To Kaise Padhei’n?

۩ Jabir bin Abdullah r.a. se riwayat hai ke ghazwa e khandak ke din Umar r.a. guroob e aftaab ke baad Quraish ko bura bhala kahte hue aaye aur arz ki aye Allah ke Rasool ﷺ maine Asr adaa nahi ki hatta ke suraj ghuroob ho chuka hai. 

Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: Wallah ! Maine bhi namaz e Asr adaa nahi ki. Fir ham sab Muqaam e Bathaan me aaye, ham ne wuzu kiya aur guroob e aftab ke baad pahle namaze e A’asr padhi fir namaz e Magrib adaa ki.’

Sahih Muslim, hadith- 631. 

Maloom hua ke namazo’n ki tarteeb qayam rakhni chahiye.

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Related: Qaza e Umri

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Asr Ki Namaz Ka Waqt

Shuru ka waqt: Jab har cheez ka saya uske barabar ho jaye aur (plus) zawaal ke waqt ke saye ke barabar ho. [Sunan Tirmizi: Kitab As Salah, Hadith- 149. Ise Imam Tirmizi aur Imam Ibn E Khuzaima Ne Saheeh Kaha Hai.] [Note]

Khatm waqt: Jab suraj pura doob jaye [Bukhari, hadith no. 531].

Note: Sunan Abu Dawud ki hadith me toh sirf ek misl saya ka zikr hai lekin ahle Ilmo ka ye kahna hai ki isse muraad zawal ke waqt ka saya aur ek misl saya hai. Ye raaye hai Imam Shafi, Imam Ahmad ibn Hambal, Imam Malik aur Imam Abu Hanifa ke 2 shagird jinka naam hai: Qazi Abu Yusuf aur Muhammad ibn al-Hasan.

Hamare yaha kuch logo ka ye kahna hai ki Asr ka shuru ka waqt 1 misl nahi balki 2 misl hai. Ye baat sahih hadith ke khilaf hai kyuki Sunan Tirmizi (hadith-149) me hai ki RasoolAllah ﷺ ne Asr awwal waqt me padhi aur wo waqt tab tha jab ek misl saya tha na ki do misl saya.

۩ Rafi bin Khadij r.a. riwayat karte hai: "Ham RasoolAllah ﷺ ke sath Asr ki namaz padhte the aur apne oont (camel) ko zabah karte the jiske ham 10 hisse karte the. Ham usko paka kar khate aur fir bhi suraj gurub na hota tha."

Sahih al-Bukhari, book of partnership, hadith- 2485.

Agar ap kisi kasaai (butcher) se puche ki Ek oont ko zabah kar ke 10 hisse karne me kitna waqt lagta hai to wo apko kahega ki Do (2) ya Dhai (2:30) ghante ke aas paas lag jate hai, kyuki itne bade oont ki sirf khaal utaarne me hi kaafi waqt lag jata hai. Aur fir usko paka kar khane me to aur zyada waqt lagega.

Isse bhi ye baat pata chala ki jo kuch logo ka kahna hai ki 2 misl ke saaye ke baad Asr ka waqt shuru hota ya jis tarha se Hanafi masjid me Asr ki Namaz ki Jamaat hoti hai wo galti par hai kyuki uske baad itna waqt nahi hota ki 1 oonth ko zabah karke uska 10 hisse kiya jaye fir use paka kar khaya jaye aur fir bhi suraj gurub na ho.

۩ Anas bin Malik r.a. kahte hain: ‘RasoolAllah ﷺ namaz e Asr padhte the aur aftaab bulad (zardi ke baghair raushan) hota tha, agar koi shaks namaz e Asr ke ba’ad Madeena shahar se ‘A’awaali’ (Madeena ki ek kareebi basti)  (T: Village close to Madeena)  jaata to jab iske paas paho’nchta to suraj abhi buland hota. Ba’az A’awaali Madeena se 4 kos ke faasle par maujud hai.’

[4 kos (4 miles) = 6.43 km (approx)]

Sahih al Bukhari, hadith- 550. Sahih Muslim: al Masaajid, hadith- 621.

۩ Anas r.a. riwayat karte hain ke RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Munaafiq ki namaz e Asr ye hai ke wo baitha aftaab (ke zard hone) ka intezaar karta rahta hai. Yahaa’n tak ke jab wo zard ho jata hai aur shaitaan ke do seengho’n ke darmiyan ho jata hai. To wo namaz ke liye khada ho jata hai aur 4 thongei’n maarta hai aur is mein Allah ko nahi yaad karta magar thoda.’

Sahih Muslim: al Masajid, hadith- 622.

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Isha Ki Namaz Ka Waqt

Shuru ka waqt: Jab Surkhi (twilight) gayab ho jaye.

Khatm waqt: Fajr ka waqt shuru hone ke pahle.

Afzal waqt: Adhi raat se thik pahle.

Abdullah bin Umar r.a. se riwayat hai k ek raat ham namaz e Isha ke liye Rasool Allah ﷺ ka  intezar karte rahe. Jab raat ka tehaai hissa guzar gaya ya uske bhi baad toh Aap tashreef laaye aur farmaya: ‘Agar meri Ummat par gira’n (bhari) na hota to mai is waqt Isha ki namaz padhata, fir muazzan ne takbeer kahi aur Aap ne (Isha ki) namaz padhai.’ 

Sahih Muslim: al Masaajid, hadith- 639.

Saabit r.a. riwayat karte hai ki unlog (sahaba e karaam) ne Anas r.a. se RasoolAllah ﷺ ki anguthi (ring) ke bareme pucha toh Anas r.a. kahte hai ki ek baar Nabi ﷺ ne Isha ki namaz me deri kar di hatta ki aadhi raat aa pohchi ya aadhi raat bhi khatm hone wali thi. Aap ﷺ iske baad namaz ada karke hamse mukhatib hue aur kaha "Log namaz padhkar so chuke honge lekin Tum tab tak namaz me hote ho jab tak namaz ka intzar karte ho." (Iske baad) Anas r.a. kahte hai, "Jaise mai (ab bhi) Aap ki chandi se bani anguthi ki chamak dekh raha hu aur unhone baaye hath ki ungli uthate hue choti ungli se ishara kiya (ki anguthi isme thi).

Sahih Al-Bukhari , The Book of Mosques and Places of Prayer, Hadith- 1336.

Ubaid bin Juraijj r.a. farmate hai, Unhone Abu Huraira r.a. se pucha: Isha ki Namaz me kotahi kya hai?

Abu Huraira r.a. ne farmaya, "Tulu e Fajr (tak muakkhar karna)".

Sharah Maani ul Asaar by Imam Tahawi, hadith-882. [scan]

Malum hua ki Isha ka waqt fajr se pahle tak hai. Lekin afzal waqt yahi hai ki isha ki namaz aadhi raat se pahle padh li jaye.

Aadhi raat se murad: Maanle (lets assume), Agar 6 baje magrib ka waqt shuru hua hai (yaani gurub e aftab) aur fajr shuru hogi 5 baje. Toh 6 p.m. se 5 a.m. ke bich 11 ghante hue. Ab 11 ko aadha kare, to hote hai saadhe paanch (5:30). Ab magrib ke waqt se yaani 6 p.m. me saadhe paanch jod de to waqt hua saadhe gyaara yaani 11 baj kar 30 minute [11:30 p.m.]. To Isha ka afzal waqt 11:30 tak rahega. Isi tarha apne ilaake aur mausam ko dhyan me rakh kar ap apne shahar ki aadhi raat ka waqt nikaal sakte hai

Hamare kuch Ulema ka kahna hai ki Isha ki namaz ka akhri waqt aadhi raat tak hai. Ye raaye sahih nahi hai kyuki ye raaye Abu Huraira r.a. ki hadith se takrati hai. Aur ek nukta aur ki kuch log aetraz kar sakte hai ki Sahih Muslim ki hadith me toh aadhi raat ka waqt likha hua hai, lekin usi Sahih Muslim ki hadith me ye bhi likha hua hai ki Asar ka waqt suraj zard hone tak rahta hai Jab ki Bukhari (Hadith no. 531) me likha hua hai ki jisne gurub e aftab se pahle Asar ki ek rakat bhi paali usne Asar paa li. To in dono daleel se ye sabit hua ki Isha ka aakhri waqt fajr ka waqt shuru hone se pahle tak rahta hai lekin afzal waqt aadhi raat tak hai.

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Imam e Masjid Ko Awwal Waqt Me Namaz Padhani Chahiye

۩ Abu Zarr r.a. riwayat karte hain ke RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Tumhara kya haal hoga, jis waqt tum par aise hukumraano (rulers) ke bich hoge jo namaz apne muqarrar waqt se der me padhayenge ya us ke waqt se qaza karege?

Main ne kaha ke Aap mujhe us haal mein kya hukm farmate hain?

Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Namaz ko us ke waqt par padho fir agar to us namaz (ki jama’at) ko in ke saath paalo to (inke saath) dobara namaz padh lo aur ye namaz tumhare liye nawafil hogi.’

Sahih Muslim: al Masaajid, hadith- 648.

۩ Ubadah ibn as-Samit r.a. riwayat karte hain ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Tum par mere ba’ad aise hukumraan (rulers) ho’nge jinko unke kaam waqt par namaz padhne se roke rakhengi, yaha’n tak ke is ka waqt jaata rahega. Pas namaz waqt par padho.

Ek Shaks ne kaha, Aye Allah ke Rasool ! Mai in ke saath bhi namaz padhu?

Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: Haa’n! Agar tum chaaho.’  

Sunan Abu Dawood: as Salah, hadith- 433. Classed as sahih by Albani.

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Juma Ki Namaz Ka Waqt

۩ Anas r.a. se riwayat hai ke Nabi e Akram ﷺ Juma ki namaz us waqt padhte jab suraj (zawaal, center, se) dhal jaata.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Juma, hadith- 904.

۩ Sahal bin Sa’ad r.a. se riwayat hai ke ham Juma padhne ke ba’ad khana khate aur dopahar ka araam karte.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Juma, hadith- 939. Sahih Muslim: al Juma, hadith- 859.

۩ Anas r.a. se riwayat hai ke Aap ﷺ Juma ki namaz sardiyo’n mein jaldi padhte aur sakht garmi mein der karte.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Juma, hadith- 906.

۩ Imam Shafi farmate hai, "Jitne bhi logo (ahle-ilm) se meri mulaqaat hui, maine yahi paya ki is baat par koi ikhtilaf nahi hai ki Juma tab tak nahi padha ja sakta jab tak suraj zawaal (meridian) se guzar na jaye." End quote.

Kitab Al-Umm (1/223).

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