Alhamdulillah
Aurat Apne Mahram Mardon Se Parda Nahi Karegi.
Aur Aurat ka Mahram woh hai, jis se is ka Nikah qaraabat daari (close blood relationship) ki wajah se hamesha ke liye haraam ho (maslan baap, dada aur isse bhi upar wale, beta pota aur in ki nasal, chacha, mamu, bhai, bhatija, bhanja) ya fir raza'at (breast-feeding) ke sabab se nikah haraam ho. [maslan razaai bhai, aur razaai baap) ya fir mushahirat (shadi) ki wajah se nikah haraam ho jaye (maslan walidah ka khawind, sasur, agarchey is se bhi upar wali nasal ke ho aur khawind ka beta aur is ki nasal)].
Zail mein (niche) hum yeh mauzu bil tafseel pesh karte hain :
۞ Nasbi Mahram :
Nasbi taur par Aurat ke mehram ki tafseel ka bayan Surah Al-Noor ki niche di hui Ayat me bayan hai :
Farmaan e Baari ta'ala hai :
Aur Apni Zeenat Zaahir Na Karo Siwaye Is Ke Jo Zahir Hai, Aur Apne Girebanon Par Apni Odhni (Shawl, Dupatta) Daaley Rakhen, Aur Apni Zaib o aaraish Ko Kisi Ke Samne Zahir Na Karo Siwaye Apne Khawindo Ke Ya Apne Waalid Ke Ya Apne Sasur Ke Ya Apne Ladko Ke Ya Apne Khawind Ke Ladko Ke Ya Apne Bhaiyon Ke Ya Apne Bhatijon Ke Ya Apne Bhanjon Ke Ya Apne Mel Jol Ki Aurto Ke Ya Ghulamon Ke Ya Aisey Naukar Chaakar Mardo Se Jo Shehwat Wale Na Hon, Ya Aisey Bachho Ke Jo Aurto Ke Parde Ki Baato Se Mutla' (ilm wale) Nahi ...
Surah Noor, Ayat-31.
Mufassireen Hazraat (Commentators of Quran) ka kahna hai ke, Nasb (ties of blood) ki bina par Aurat ke liye jo mahram hain is ki sarahat is Ayat me bayan hui hai, woh niche hain :
۩1. Aaba wa ajdad (forefathers) :
Yaani Aurat ke walidain ke aaba wa ajdad aur upar ki nasal masalan waalid, dada, nana aur rahi baat unke shauhar ke baad dada ki to wo sasurali mahram me shamil hai jisko aage bayan kiya jayega.
۩2. Beto (son) :
Yani Aurton ke bete jis mein bete, pote, aur is tarhan naati yani beti ke bete aur in ki nasal, aur Ayat e kareema mein jo ( khawind ke beton ) ka zikar hai woh khawind ki doosri biwi ke bete hain jo ke mahram mein shamil hai, aur isi tarhan sasur bhi mahram masahrat (mahram by marriage) mein shaamil hai, na ke mehram nasbi (mahram by blood) me. Hum ise bhi aage chal kar bayaan karenge.
۩3. Aurat ka bhai :
Chahe woh saga bhai ho ya fir sautela bhai ho, chahe sirf waalid ki taraf se ho ya fir sirf walida ki taraf se ho, sabhi isme shamil hai.
۩4. Bhanje aur Bhatije yani Bhai aur Bahan ke bete aur in ki naslen .
۩5. Chacha aur Mamu :
Yeh dono bhi Nasbi Mahram mai se hain. In ka aayat mein zikar nahi hai kyuki ye dono maa-baap ke tarha samjhe jate hai, aur logo mein bhi walidain ki jagah par shumaar hote hain, aur baaz auqaat chacha ko bhi walid kah diya jata hai, jaisa ke Allah ta'ala ka farmaan hai :
"Kya Tum Yaqoob (Alaihe Salam) Ki Mout Ke Waqt Moujood The? Jab Unhone Apni Aulaad Ko Kaha Ke Mere Baad Tum Kis Ki Ibadat Karogey ? To Sab Ne Jawab Diya Ke Aap Ke Mabood Ki Aur Aap Ke Walid Ibrahim, Ishhaaq aur Ismail Ke Mabood Ki, Jo Mabood Ek Hi Hai Aur Ham Isi Ke Farmanbardar Rahenge."
Surah Baqarah, Ayat-13.
Jab ki Ismail a.s. Yaqoob a.s. ke beto ke Chacha the.
Tafseer al-Raazi, 23/206; Tafseer al-Qurtubi, 12/232, 233; Tafseer al-Aaloosi, 18/143; Fath al-Bayaan fi Maqaasid al-Qur’aan by Siddeeq Hasan Khan, 6/352.
۞ Razaat (Breastfeeding) Ki Bina Par Mahram :
Aurat ke liye razaat ki wajah se bhi mahram ban jate hain, Tafseer Al Aloosi me hai :
"Jis tarha nasbi mahram ke samne Aurat ke liye parda na karna mubah hai isi tarhan razaat ki wajah se mahram ban'nae wale shakhs ke samnay bhi is ke liye parda na karna mubah hai. Is tarha Aurat ke liye, is ke razaai beto ya razaai walid se bhi parda na karna jaiz hai."
Tafseer al-Aaloosi. 18/143.
Is liye ke razaat ki wajah se Mahram hona bhi nasbi mahram ki tarhan hi hai jo ke hamesha ke liye Nikah haraam kar deta hai.
Imaam al-Jassaas r.h. ne is Ayat ki tafseer karte hue isi taraf ishara karte hue kaha hai, "Jab Allah ta'ala ne walid ke sath un mahram ka zikar kiya jin se un ka Nikah hamesha haraam hai, jo ke is par dalalat karti hai ke jo is tarha ki hurmat wala hoga is ka hukum bhi unhi hukum ke barabar hai, maslan aurat ki maa, aur razaai mahram wagaira".
Ahkaam al-Qur’aan by al-Jassaas, 3/317 .
Aur Sunnat e Nabawi ﷺ mein bhi is ki daleel milti hai :
Nabi ﷺ ka farmaan hai, "Razaat bhi Wahi haraam karti hai jo Nasab karta hai."
To is ka matlab ye hua ke Jis tarha aurat ke nasbi mahram honge isi tarha razaat ke sabab se bhi mahram honge. Sahih al Bukhari mein niche di hui hadees warid hai :
Ammi Aisha r.a. bayan karti hain ke, Parda ka hukm nazil hone ke baad Abu Qu’ayss ke bhai Aflah jo ki Ap ke razaai chacha the, Aaye aur andar aane ki ijazat talab ki, toh maine ijazat dene se inkaar kar diya, aur jab Rasool e Akram ﷺ ghar tashreef laaye to maine jo kuch kiya tha Ap ﷺ ko bataya, toh Nabi e Kareem ﷺ ne hukum diya ke mai unhe andar aane ki ijazat de doon.
Sahih al-Bukhaari bi Sharh al-‘Asqalaani, 9/150.
Imam Muslim r.h. ne bhi is hadees ko riwaayat kiya hai jis ke alfaaz ye hain :
Urwah r.a. bayan karte hain ke Ammi Aisha r.a. ne inhe bataya ke, un ke razaai chacha jin ka naam Aflah tha, unhone andar aane ki ijazat talab ki, to maine unhe ijazat na di, aur unse parda kar liya. Fir iski khabar Allah ke Rasool ﷺ ko di toh Aap ﷺ ne unse farmaya, Un se parda na karo, is liye ke razaat se wo sabhi rishte (Nikah) haraam ho jate hai jo nasab se haraam hote hai..
Saheeh Muslim bi Sharh al-Nawawi, 10/22.
Aurat ke razaai mahram bhi uske nasbi mahram ki tarhan hi hain :
Fuqaha e karaam ne jo kuch Quran Majeed aur Sunnat e Nabwi ﷺ se saabit hai us par amal karte hue is baat ki sarahat ki hai ke aurat ke razaai mahram bhi is ke nasbi mahram ki tarha hi hai, lihaza is ke liye razaai mahram ke samne zeenat ki cheeze zahir karna jaiz hain jis tarha ke nasbi mahram ke samney karna jaiz hai, aur in ke liye bhi aurat ke badan ki woh jagah dekhni halal hain jo nasbi mahram ke liye dekhni halal hain.
۞ Sasurali Rishte Ki Wajah Se Mahram : (Yani Nikah Ki Wajah Se)
Aurat ke liye sasurali rishte ke wajah se mahram woh log hai jin par usse Nikah karna hamesha ke liye haraam hai, jaise, waalid ki biwi, betay ki biwi, saas yani biwi ki walida.
Sharh al-Muntahaa, 3/7
To is tarha walid ki biwi ke liye mahram woh beta hoga jo us ki doosri biwi se ho, aur bahu yani beta ki biwi ke liye shauhar ka baap yani sasur mahram hoga, aur saas yani biwi ki maa ke liye khawind yani damaad mahram hoga .
Allah ajjawazal ne Surah Al Noor ki Ayat mein zikr karte hue farmaya hai :
Aur Apni Zeenat Zaahir Na Karo Siwaye Is Ke Jo Zahir Hai, Aur Apne Girebanon Par Apni Odhni (Shawl, Dupatta) Daaley Rakhen, Aur Apni Zaib o aaraish Ko Kisi Ke Samne Zahir Na Karo Siwaye, Apne Khawindo Ke Ya, Apne Waalid Ke Ya Apne Sasur Ke Ya Apne Ladko Ke Ya, Apne Khawind Ke Ladko Ke Ya, Apne Bhaiyon Ke Ya, Apne Bhatijon Ke Ya, Apne Bhanjon Ke Ya Apne Mel Jol Ki Aurto Ke Ya Ghulamon Ke Ya Aisey Naukar Chaakar Mardo Se Jo Shehwat Wale Na Hon, Ya Aisey Bachho Ke Jo Aurto Ke Parde Ki Baato Se Mutla' (ilm wale) Nahi ...
Surah Noor, Ayat-31.
To is me sasur, aur khawind ke beta aurat ke liye sasurali rishte ki wajah se mahram hai, aur Allah ta'ala ne inhen un ke bapon aur beton ke sath zikr kiya hai aur unhe hukum me bhi barabar qarar diya hai, ke un se parda na karna jayz hai.
Al-Mughni, 6/555.
Aurat Apne Mahram Mardon Se Parda Nahi Karegi.
Aur Aurat ka Mahram woh hai, jis se is ka Nikah qaraabat daari (close blood relationship) ki wajah se hamesha ke liye haraam ho (maslan baap, dada aur isse bhi upar wale, beta pota aur in ki nasal, chacha, mamu, bhai, bhatija, bhanja) ya fir raza'at (breast-feeding) ke sabab se nikah haraam ho. [maslan razaai bhai, aur razaai baap) ya fir mushahirat (shadi) ki wajah se nikah haraam ho jaye (maslan walidah ka khawind, sasur, agarchey is se bhi upar wali nasal ke ho aur khawind ka beta aur is ki nasal)].
Zail mein (niche) hum yeh mauzu bil tafseel pesh karte hain :
۞ Nasbi Mahram :
Nasbi taur par Aurat ke mehram ki tafseel ka bayan Surah Al-Noor ki niche di hui Ayat me bayan hai :
Farmaan e Baari ta'ala hai :
Aur Apni Zeenat Zaahir Na Karo Siwaye Is Ke Jo Zahir Hai, Aur Apne Girebanon Par Apni Odhni (Shawl, Dupatta) Daaley Rakhen, Aur Apni Zaib o aaraish Ko Kisi Ke Samne Zahir Na Karo Siwaye Apne Khawindo Ke Ya Apne Waalid Ke Ya Apne Sasur Ke Ya Apne Ladko Ke Ya Apne Khawind Ke Ladko Ke Ya Apne Bhaiyon Ke Ya Apne Bhatijon Ke Ya Apne Bhanjon Ke Ya Apne Mel Jol Ki Aurto Ke Ya Ghulamon Ke Ya Aisey Naukar Chaakar Mardo Se Jo Shehwat Wale Na Hon, Ya Aisey Bachho Ke Jo Aurto Ke Parde Ki Baato Se Mutla' (ilm wale) Nahi ...
Surah Noor, Ayat-31.
Mufassireen Hazraat (Commentators of Quran) ka kahna hai ke, Nasb (ties of blood) ki bina par Aurat ke liye jo mahram hain is ki sarahat is Ayat me bayan hui hai, woh niche hain :
۩1. Aaba wa ajdad (forefathers) :
Yaani Aurat ke walidain ke aaba wa ajdad aur upar ki nasal masalan waalid, dada, nana aur rahi baat unke shauhar ke baad dada ki to wo sasurali mahram me shamil hai jisko aage bayan kiya jayega.
۩2. Beto (son) :
Yani Aurton ke bete jis mein bete, pote, aur is tarhan naati yani beti ke bete aur in ki nasal, aur Ayat e kareema mein jo ( khawind ke beton ) ka zikar hai woh khawind ki doosri biwi ke bete hain jo ke mahram mein shamil hai, aur isi tarhan sasur bhi mahram masahrat (mahram by marriage) mein shaamil hai, na ke mehram nasbi (mahram by blood) me. Hum ise bhi aage chal kar bayaan karenge.
۩3. Aurat ka bhai :
Chahe woh saga bhai ho ya fir sautela bhai ho, chahe sirf waalid ki taraf se ho ya fir sirf walida ki taraf se ho, sabhi isme shamil hai.
۩4. Bhanje aur Bhatije yani Bhai aur Bahan ke bete aur in ki naslen .
۩5. Chacha aur Mamu :
Yeh dono bhi Nasbi Mahram mai se hain. In ka aayat mein zikar nahi hai kyuki ye dono maa-baap ke tarha samjhe jate hai, aur logo mein bhi walidain ki jagah par shumaar hote hain, aur baaz auqaat chacha ko bhi walid kah diya jata hai, jaisa ke Allah ta'ala ka farmaan hai :
"Kya Tum Yaqoob (Alaihe Salam) Ki Mout Ke Waqt Moujood The? Jab Unhone Apni Aulaad Ko Kaha Ke Mere Baad Tum Kis Ki Ibadat Karogey ? To Sab Ne Jawab Diya Ke Aap Ke Mabood Ki Aur Aap Ke Walid Ibrahim, Ishhaaq aur Ismail Ke Mabood Ki, Jo Mabood Ek Hi Hai Aur Ham Isi Ke Farmanbardar Rahenge."
Surah Baqarah, Ayat-13.
Jab ki Ismail a.s. Yaqoob a.s. ke beto ke Chacha the.
Tafseer al-Raazi, 23/206; Tafseer al-Qurtubi, 12/232, 233; Tafseer al-Aaloosi, 18/143; Fath al-Bayaan fi Maqaasid al-Qur’aan by Siddeeq Hasan Khan, 6/352.
۞ Razaat (Breastfeeding) Ki Bina Par Mahram :
Aurat ke liye razaat ki wajah se bhi mahram ban jate hain, Tafseer Al Aloosi me hai :
"Jis tarha nasbi mahram ke samne Aurat ke liye parda na karna mubah hai isi tarhan razaat ki wajah se mahram ban'nae wale shakhs ke samnay bhi is ke liye parda na karna mubah hai. Is tarha Aurat ke liye, is ke razaai beto ya razaai walid se bhi parda na karna jaiz hai."
Tafseer al-Aaloosi. 18/143.
Is liye ke razaat ki wajah se Mahram hona bhi nasbi mahram ki tarhan hi hai jo ke hamesha ke liye Nikah haraam kar deta hai.
Imaam al-Jassaas r.h. ne is Ayat ki tafseer karte hue isi taraf ishara karte hue kaha hai, "Jab Allah ta'ala ne walid ke sath un mahram ka zikar kiya jin se un ka Nikah hamesha haraam hai, jo ke is par dalalat karti hai ke jo is tarha ki hurmat wala hoga is ka hukum bhi unhi hukum ke barabar hai, maslan aurat ki maa, aur razaai mahram wagaira".
Ahkaam al-Qur’aan by al-Jassaas, 3/317 .
Aur Sunnat e Nabawi ﷺ mein bhi is ki daleel milti hai :
Nabi ﷺ ka farmaan hai, "Razaat bhi Wahi haraam karti hai jo Nasab karta hai."
To is ka matlab ye hua ke Jis tarha aurat ke nasbi mahram honge isi tarha razaat ke sabab se bhi mahram honge. Sahih al Bukhari mein niche di hui hadees warid hai :
Ammi Aisha r.a. bayan karti hain ke, Parda ka hukm nazil hone ke baad Abu Qu’ayss ke bhai Aflah jo ki Ap ke razaai chacha the, Aaye aur andar aane ki ijazat talab ki, toh maine ijazat dene se inkaar kar diya, aur jab Rasool e Akram ﷺ ghar tashreef laaye to maine jo kuch kiya tha Ap ﷺ ko bataya, toh Nabi e Kareem ﷺ ne hukum diya ke mai unhe andar aane ki ijazat de doon.
Sahih al-Bukhaari bi Sharh al-‘Asqalaani, 9/150.
Imam Muslim r.h. ne bhi is hadees ko riwaayat kiya hai jis ke alfaaz ye hain :
Urwah r.a. bayan karte hain ke Ammi Aisha r.a. ne inhe bataya ke, un ke razaai chacha jin ka naam Aflah tha, unhone andar aane ki ijazat talab ki, to maine unhe ijazat na di, aur unse parda kar liya. Fir iski khabar Allah ke Rasool ﷺ ko di toh Aap ﷺ ne unse farmaya, Un se parda na karo, is liye ke razaat se wo sabhi rishte (Nikah) haraam ho jate hai jo nasab se haraam hote hai..
Saheeh Muslim bi Sharh al-Nawawi, 10/22.
Aurat ke razaai mahram bhi uske nasbi mahram ki tarhan hi hain :
Fuqaha e karaam ne jo kuch Quran Majeed aur Sunnat e Nabwi ﷺ se saabit hai us par amal karte hue is baat ki sarahat ki hai ke aurat ke razaai mahram bhi is ke nasbi mahram ki tarha hi hai, lihaza is ke liye razaai mahram ke samne zeenat ki cheeze zahir karna jaiz hain jis tarha ke nasbi mahram ke samney karna jaiz hai, aur in ke liye bhi aurat ke badan ki woh jagah dekhni halal hain jo nasbi mahram ke liye dekhni halal hain.
۞ Sasurali Rishte Ki Wajah Se Mahram : (Yani Nikah Ki Wajah Se)
Aurat ke liye sasurali rishte ke wajah se mahram woh log hai jin par usse Nikah karna hamesha ke liye haraam hai, jaise, waalid ki biwi, betay ki biwi, saas yani biwi ki walida.
Sharh al-Muntahaa, 3/7
To is tarha walid ki biwi ke liye mahram woh beta hoga jo us ki doosri biwi se ho, aur bahu yani beta ki biwi ke liye shauhar ka baap yani sasur mahram hoga, aur saas yani biwi ki maa ke liye khawind yani damaad mahram hoga .
Allah ajjawazal ne Surah Al Noor ki Ayat mein zikr karte hue farmaya hai :
Aur Apni Zeenat Zaahir Na Karo Siwaye Is Ke Jo Zahir Hai, Aur Apne Girebanon Par Apni Odhni (Shawl, Dupatta) Daaley Rakhen, Aur Apni Zaib o aaraish Ko Kisi Ke Samne Zahir Na Karo Siwaye, Apne Khawindo Ke Ya, Apne Waalid Ke Ya Apne Sasur Ke Ya Apne Ladko Ke Ya, Apne Khawind Ke Ladko Ke Ya, Apne Bhaiyon Ke Ya, Apne Bhatijon Ke Ya, Apne Bhanjon Ke Ya Apne Mel Jol Ki Aurto Ke Ya Ghulamon Ke Ya Aisey Naukar Chaakar Mardo Se Jo Shehwat Wale Na Hon, Ya Aisey Bachho Ke Jo Aurto Ke Parde Ki Baato Se Mutla' (ilm wale) Nahi ...
Surah Noor, Ayat-31.
To is me sasur, aur khawind ke beta aurat ke liye sasurali rishte ki wajah se mahram hai, aur Allah ta'ala ne inhen un ke bapon aur beton ke sath zikr kiya hai aur unhe hukum me bhi barabar qarar diya hai, ke un se parda na karna jayz hai.
Al-Mughni, 6/555.
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