Jamaat Me Chhuti Hui Namaz Ko Kaise Muqammal Kiya Jaye ?

Sawal: Magrib ki Ek rakat jamaat ke sath paa lene wala shakhs baki namaz kaise mukammal karega?

Alhamdulillah..

Agar Apko maghrib ki namaz jamaat ke sath darmiyani Tashahhud me mile to Ap us tashahud me baithenge Imam ke sath aur fir uske baad Ap teesri rakat mein imam ke mutabik rakat ada karenge aur fir Tashahhud me baith kar Imam ke salaam ke baad uth kar apni baki chhuti namaz mukammal karenge.

Ab Aapki do (2) rakat baki hain, to un maise pahli me Aap surah Fatiha aur is ke baad koi surah padhe, aur fir Tashahhud mein baithe jo ki ap ki darmiyani (bich ki, yaani dusre rakat ki) Tashahhud hogi.

Fir uth kar teesri rakat ada kare aur is mein sirf surah Fatiha padhe, aur fir aakhri Tashahhud me baith kar Salam fer len.

Upar jo kuch bayan hua hai woh is par mabni hai ki us shaks ne Imam ke sath jo rakat paayi hai woh is ki namaz ka awwal hissa tha, aur jo rakat woh akele taur par ada kar raha hai woh is ki namaz ka aakhri hissa hai, Imam Shafi ki yahi raaye hai.

Imam Nawawi r.h. farmate hai:

"Agar is ne imam ke sath ek rakat paayi hai to woh Imam ke salam ferne ke baad uth kar ek rakat ada kar ke Tashahhud ke liye baithega aur fir teesri rakat ada kar ke Tashahhud me baithega."

al-Majmoo’ (4/117).

Aur fir Imam Nawawi kahte hai:

"Hum zikr kar chuke hain ki hamari raaye ye hai ki der se aane wale shaks ne jo jamaat ke sath namaz paayi woh is ki namaz ka awwal hissa hai, aur jo is ne baad mein ada ki woh is ka aakhri hissa hai. 

Ye raaye hai Sa’eed ibn al-Musayyib, al-Hasan al-Basri, ‘Ata’, ‘Umar ibn ‘Abd al-‘Azeez, Makhool, al-Zuhri, al-Awzaa’i, Sa’eed ibn ‘Abd al-‘Azeez aur Ishaaq r.h. ki. Ibn al-Mundhir ne inlogo se ye bayan kiya hai aur wo kahte hai ki ye meri bhi raaye hai. Wo mazeed kahte hai ki ye Umar, ‘Ali and Abu’l-Darda’ se bayan kiya gaya hai lekin ye sabit nahi hai. Ye Imam Malik se bhi bayan kiya gaya hai aur Dawud ki bhi yahi raaye hai.

Imam Abu Haneefah, Imam Maalik, Imam Sawri aur Imam Ahmad kahte hai: Jis ne jo jamaat ke sath (rakat) payi woh is ki namaz ka aakhri hissa aur jo baad mein ada ki wo is ki namaz ka pahla hissa hai. Ise Ibn al-Mundhir ne bayan kiya tha Ibn ‘Umar, Mujaahid aur Ibn Sireen r.h. se, wo iski daleel me ye kahte hai ki Rasool ﷺ ne farmaya hai, "Tum jo paalo wo ada karo, aur jo rah jaye uski qaza karlo". Ise Bukhari aur Muslim ne riwayat kiya hai.

Aur hamare ashaab ne Nabi ﷺ ke is farmaan se Daleel li hai ki (RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya), "Jo tum paalo ada karo, aur jo rah jaye use pura karlo". Ise Bukhari aur Muslim ne boht se raawio se riwayat kiya hai." End quote.

Ye thi Imam Nawawi ki raaye jisme unhone do (2) raaye bayan kiye. Toh jisko jo raaye Quran aur sunnat ke nazdeek lage wo us raaye par amal karle. Allah ya uske Rasool ne apko kisi ek raaye ke sath bandha nahi hai.

Jaha tak hamara talluq hai hame Hasan al Basri aur Imam Nawawi aur inke jaisi raaye rakhne wale dusre ahle ilm ki raaye hi behtar lagi. Iski daleel ye hai:

Asal me Qaza’ lafz (yaani chhuta hua muqammal karna) ka tarjuma hoga "Karlo" na ki "chhuta hua muqammal karlo" kyuki baad wala alfaz Fuqaha ne baad me istemal karna shuru kiya tha jab ki Arab log Qaza ka lafz "Karlo" ke maane me istemal kiya karte the. Jaise ki Allah s.w.t. farmate hai:

۩ "Aur Jab Tum Apne Manaasik (Hajj ke rasam) Ada Kar Chuko [qazaytum]."

[al-Baqarah 2:200].

۩ "Aur Jab Ap Namaz Ada Kar Chukye [qazaytum]"

[al-Nisa’ 4:103].

Upar ke dono Ayat me Qaza lafz "Karlo" ke maane me istemal hua hai na ki pichla chhuta hua muqammal karlo ke maane me.

Aur Allah sabse behtar janta hai.

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Fajr Se Pahle Ki Azaan

Kuch logo ka kahna hai ki Fajr se pahle ki Azan ya Tahajjud ki Azaan ki asal koi haqiqat nahi aur ye biddat hai. Par ye raaye sahih nahi hai kyuki hame hadees ki kitabo me wazahat se is Azaan ka subut milta hai. Aiye is Azaan ki Daleel dekhte hai

Abdullah bin Masud r.a. riwayat karte hai ki unhone Nabi ﷺ se ke Aap ﷺ ne farmaya ke Bilal ki Azaan tumhe sehri khane se na rokde kyunki woh raat rahe se azaan dete hain taake tum maise jo log aakhri raat ki namaz (Tahajjud) padh rahe hai woh jaldi kar le aur jo abhi soye hue hai woh jaag  jaye. (Is Azaan ka matlab) Koi yeh nah samajh baithe ke Fajar ya subah Sadiq ho gayi aur aap ne apni unglio ke isharay se (tulu e subah ki kaifiyat) batayi. Unglio ko upar ki taraf uthaya aur fir aahista se inhen neechay laaye aur fir farmaya ke is tarhan ( Fajar hoti hai ). 
Rawi kahte hai ki Aap ﷺ ne ungliya ek dusre par rakhi, fir inhe daayi baayi janib faila diya.

Sahih al-Bukhari, hadith- 621.

Ayesha r.a. riwayat karti hai ki RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya, "Bilal r.a. raat ko azaan dete hai toh khaya-piya karo jab tak ke Ibn Umm Maktum Azaan na dede."

Sahih al-Bukhari, hadith- 622.

Ibn Umar r.a. riwayat karte hai ki RasoolAllah ke do (2) Muazzin the, Bilal aur Umm Maktum ka beta jo nabina (blind) the.

RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya, "Bilal r.a. raat ko azaan dete hai toh khaya-piya karo jab tak ke Ibn Umm Maktum Azaan na dede."

Raawi kahte hai: Un dono ke Azaan ka waqfa bas itna hi hota tha ki ek Azaan dekar niche utarta aur dusra Azaan ke liye upar chadh jaata.

Sahih Muslim: hadith-1092.

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Azaan aur Iqamat Ke Masael

۩ Har namaz ke waqt azan deni chahiye. Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Jab namaz ka waqt aaye to tum mein se koi ek azan kaho. Aur tum mein se bada imaamat karaye.’

Sahih al Bukhair: al Azan, hadith- 628. Sahih Muslim: al Masaajid, hadith- 674.

۩ Bilal r.a. Azan kahte hue kano’n mein ungliya’n daalte the.

Sahih al Bukhair: al Azan, hadith- 198.

۩ Bilal r.a. Haiyya A’alas Salah kahte hue mu’n apna chehra daey’n  (T: towards right side)  ferte the aur Haiyya A’alal Falah kahte waqt baey’n  (T: towards left side) ferte the.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Azan 634. Sahih Muslim: al Salah, hadith- 503. 

۩ Usman bin Abil A’aas r.a. ki riwayat hai ke Nabi e Akram ﷺ ne inko inki kaum ka Imam muqarrar kiya aur farmaya: ‘Muazzin wo muqarrar kar jo azan par mazdoori na le.’

Sunan Abu Dawood: al Salah, hadith- 531. Jamia Tirmizi: al Salah, hadith- 209. Ise Imam Haakim Vol-1 P-199 & 201 aur Imam Zahabi ne Saheeh kaha.

۩ Muazzin wo muqarrar karna chahiye jo buland awaaz wala ho. Abdullah bin Zaid r.a. kahte hain ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne inhei’n farmaya:  Bilal ko azan sikhao kyou’nke uska awaz tumse buland hai.

Sunan Abu Dawood: hadith- 499. Jamia Tirmizi: hadith-189.

‐ Ek Sahaabiya r.a. farmati hain ke masjid ke kareeb tamam gharo’n se mera makan uncha tha aur Bilal r.a. is (makan) par (khade hokar) Fajr ki azan dete the.

Sunan Abu Dawood: as Salah, hadith- 519. Imam Ibn e Hajar ne Hasan kaha

۩ Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-'As: r.a. riwayat karte haink ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne ek admi ko farmaya: ‘Jaise muazzin kahta hai tum bhi isi tarha jawab do fir jab tum jawab se faarig ho jaao to (dua) maango aur wo tumhe diya jaaega.’

Sunan Abu Dawood: as Salah, hadith- 524. Ise Imam ibn e Hibban ne Saheeh kaha.

۩ Beemariyo’n aur wabaa ke mauqe par log ghar ghar azanei’n dete hain ye sunnat se saabit nahi. Kyou’nke is silsile mein pesh ki jaane wali tamam riwayat usool e Muhaddiseen par thik nahi hai.

۩ Assalatu Khairum Minan Naum ke alfaz siwae Fajr ke kisi aur azan mein nahi kahne chahiye.

۩ Iqaamat, Azan ke fauran ba’ad nahi honi chahiye, kyou’nke Nabi e Rahmat ﷺ ne farmaya ke ‘Azan aur Takbeer (Iqamat) ke darmiyan nawafil namaz hai. Aap ne 3 baar ye kalimat kahe fir farmaya: Jiska dil chaahe (namaz padhe).’  

Sahih al Bukhari: al Azan 623. Sahih Muslim: Salatul Musafireen, hadith- 838.

۩ Subha saadiq hone se kuch der pahle bhi ek Azan hai. Nabi e Rahmat ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Tumhei’n Bilal ki Azan sehri khane se na roke kyou’nke wo raat ko azan dete hain taake tahajjud padhne wala laut aaye aur sone wala khabardar ho jaae.’  

Sahih al Bukhari: al Azan, hadith- 621.  Sahih Muslim: as Siyaam, hadith- 1093.

۩ Is Azan aur namaz e Fajr ki azan mein itna waqfa nahi hota tha jitna ke aajkal kiya jata hai. Abdullah bin Umar r.a. farmate hai: "Dono’n Muazzino’n ke darmiyan sirf is kadr waqfa hota tha ke ek azan dekar utarta aur dusra Azan ke liye chadh jaata.

Sahih Muslim: hadith-1092.

۩ Nabi e Rahmat ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Jab Iqamat ho jaye to farz namaz ke alawa koi namaz nahi hoti.’ 

Sahih Muslim: Salatul Musafireen, hadith-710.

۩ Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya: Jab Iqamat kahi jaaye to saf mein shamil hone ke liye na bhago balke Aaram se chalte hue aao, jo namaz tum (Imam ke sath) paalo wo padhlo aur jo rah jaye ise baad mein pura karlo.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Azan, hadith- 636. Sahih Muslim, hadith-602.

۩ Hameed riwayat karte hain ke maine Saabit Banaani se poocha: Kya namaz ki iqamat ho jane ke baad Imam batei’n kar sakta hai? To inho’n ne mujhe Anas bin Malik r.a. ki hadees bayan ki ke ek martaba namaz ki iqamat ho chuki thi, itne me ek shaqs aaya aur Nabi e Rahmat ﷺ se baatei’n karta raha.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Azan, hadith- 643. Sahih Muslim, hadith-376. 

۩ Ek dafa namaz ki iqamat hogai, logo’n ne safei’n baraabar kar lei’n, itne mein RasoolAllah ﷺ ko yaad aaya ke aap Jumbi hain, Aap ne logo’n se kaha, apni jagah khade raho. Fir Aap ne (ghar jaakar) ghusl farmaya aur jab Aap wapas tashreef laaye to Aapke sar se paani tapak raha tha, fir Aapne namaz padhi.

Sahih al Bukhari: al Azan, hadith- 640. Sahih Muslim: al Masaajid, hadith- 605.

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Related: Farz Namaz Ki Iqamat Ke Waqt Muqtadi Ko Kab Khada Hona Chahiye

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Kya Ulti (vomit) Aane Se Roza Tut Jata Hai

hi    

Bunyadi usool ye hai ki Agar kisi shaks ne jaan bujh kar ulti (kay) kari to uska roza tut jayega aur us par is din ki qaza me roza rakhna lazim hai. Lekin agar ulti us par galib aa jati hai aur uske ikhtiyar ke bagair (anjane me) ho gai toh uska roza sahih hai aur us par koi kaffara nahi hoga. Iski Daleel ye hai:

۞ Kisi bhi wajah se jaan-bujh kar ulti karna:

Isme ye chize shamil hai: Jaanbujh kar apni ungli ko apne muh me daal kar, ya apne pet ko daba kar, ya jaan-buj kar gandi mahek sungh kar, ya ulti laane wali chiz jo lagataar dekhte rahne se ulti kari. Toh uska roza tut gaya aur us par iski qaza lazim hai.

Ma'dan bin Talhah riwayat karte hai ki Abu Darda r.a. ne mujh se kaha ki RasoolAllah ﷺ ko ulti ayi aur unhone roza tod diya.

Sunan Abu Dawud, hadith-2381. Jamia Tirmizi, hadith-87.  Classed as Hasan by Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai (Tirmizi) and Sahih by Shaykh Albani (Abu Dawud).

Note: Is baat par Ijma bhi hai.

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۞ Khud Ke Ikhtiyar ke bagair (anjaane me) ulti aana

Iske mutallik hame RasoolAllah se to koi hadith nahi milti lekin hame Sahih al Bukhari me  Abu Huraira r.a. ka Qawl milta hai:

Imam Bukhari r.h. farmate hai, 

وَقَالَ لِي يَحْيَى بْنُ صَالِحٍ حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ سَلاَّمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ ثَوْبَانَ، سَمِعَ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ إِذَا قَاءَ فَلاَ يُفْطِرُ، إِنَّمَا يُخْرِجُ وَلاَ يُولِجُ‏.‏ وَيُذْكَرُ عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَنَّهُ يُفْطِرُ‏.‏ وَالأَوَّلُ أَصَحُّ‏.

"Abu Hurairah r.a. ne farmaya ke jab koi ulti kare to is ka roza nahi tut ta kyunki usme bahar nikalta hai kuch dakil nahi hota. Abu Huraira hi se manqul hai ke is ka roza jata rahta hai (yaani tut jata hai). Lekin pahli baat (yani roza nahi tut ta) hi sahih hai."

Sahih al Bukhari, Kitab al Saum, Under Chapter: Cupping and vomiting in Saum (fast), Baab no: 32.

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Sunan Abu Dawud (hadith-2380) aur Sunan Tirmizi (720) me Abu Huraira r.a. se ek riwayat milti hai ki wo kahte hai ki RasoolAllah ﷺ ne farmaya ki Jisko khud-bakhud ulti ajaye to us par qaza nahi lekin Agar jo jaanbuj kar ulti kare to wo roza qaza kare.

Lekin ye hadith zaif hai kyuki is hadith ka ek raawi 'Hishaam bin Hassaan' Mudallis hai aur wo 'An' se riwayat kar raha hai, aur sama ki tashree maujud nahi hai. Aur Muhaddiso ka ye bunyadi usool hai ki Mudallis ki 'An' wali riwayat zaif hoti hai jab tak ke sama ki tashree na ho jaye. Shaykh Zubair Ali Zai ne bhi is riwayat ko Zaif karar diya hai.

Aur Allah sabse behtar janta hai.

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Jaha Din Ya Raat Bahot Lambi Ho Waha Namaz Ke Auqat

Nawwas bin Sama’an r.a. se riwayat hai ke Rasool Allah ﷺ ne farmaya: ‘Dajjal 40 din zameen par rahega is ka ek din 1 saal ke baraabar,1 din Maheena ke baraabar, 1 din 1 hafta ke baraabar aur baaki din aam dino’n ki tarha honge.

Sahaba r.a. ne arz kiya jo din 1 saal ke barabar hoga to kya us din 1 din ki namaz adaa karni hogi?

Aap ﷺ ne farmaya: Nahi, balke tum andaze se namaze adaa karna.’ 

 Sahih Muslim: al Fitan, hadith- 2937. 

Maloom hua ke jin maqaamat par lambi muddat tak kabhi lagataar din aur kabhi lagataar raat hi rahti hai nez 24 ghante mein waha’n zawal aur ghuroob ka koi nizam na ho inhei’n 5 waqt ki namazei’n andaze se adaa karni hongi.

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